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IELTS/Writing/Task 1/Introduction

📝 Sub-skill 1 of 7 — Introduction

Introduction and Paraphrasing

The introduction is the first thing the examiner reads. If you copy the prompt, your Lexical Resource score is affected immediately. Here you learn to paraphrase it with academic precision.

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Official format versus WeLearn strategy

Official format: IELTS Academic Writing Task 1 asks you to describe visual information in at least 150 words. The introduction is not a separate official task; it is a strategic part of the response.

WeLearn strategy: We train the introduction as a micro-skill because it reduces literal copying and prepares the overview.

Task 1 visual types

Identify the visual before practising a sub-skill.

The response structure changes with the input: a line graph requires trend language, a table requires grouping, a process requires sequencing and a map requires spatial transformation. This guide connects the official IELTS format with the WeLearn teaching strategy.

Line graph

Changes over time

Overview: Look for the dominant trend, line crossing, peak, fall or convergence.

Body: Group the timeline into meaningful periods: start, rapid change, stability or finish.

rose steadily, peaked at, declined gradually, overtook, remained stable

Practise this visual type →

Bar chart

Comparisons between categories

Overview: Look for the highest or lowest category and the clearest contrast.

Body: Group similar categories instead of describing every bar separately.

higher than, whereas, considerably lower, the largest proportion

Practise this visual type →

Pie charts

Parts of a whole

Overview: Look for the dominant segment and distribution changes when two charts are shown.

Body: Compare large and small proportions without listing every slice.

accounted for, made up, represented, the smallest share

Practise this visual type →

Table

Dense row-and-column data

Overview: Look for extremes, row or column patterns and categories that form groups.

Body: Turn the table into two logical groups before writing.

the figure for, respectively, by contrast, across all categories

Practise this visual type →

Process diagram

Production stages or a cycle

Overview: Mention the number of stages and whether the process is linear or cyclical.

Body: Use the passive voice and chronological order; do not invent reasons.

is collected, is heated, after this, subsequently, finally

Practise this visual type →

Map

Spatial changes over time

Overview: Look for overall development, replacements, expansion or reduction.

Body: Organise the response by zones or by before-and-after changes.

was replaced by, was converted into, to the north of, adjacent to

Practise this visual type →

Mixed chart

Two connected visuals

Overview: Find the relationship between the visuals instead of treating them as separate tasks.

Body: Use one paragraph per visual or group them around a shared relationship.

while, in relation to, this corresponded with, a similar pattern

Practise this visual type →

What is the Introduction?

The Task 1 introduction is a one- or two-sentence paragraph that paraphrases the question prompt. Its only purpose is to tell the examiner what the visual shows, without copying the prompt or mentioning trends and specific figures.

Formula

The [visual type] illustrates / presents / compares / depicts [paraphrased topic] [time period or place, if shown].

📏
30–45 words
recommended study range
✍️
1–2 sentences
no more
🚫
No trends
save them for the overview
🔢
No figures
or specific data

✓ Incluir

  • Visual type (line graph, bar chart…)
  • Topic / subject (paraphrased)
  • Time period or place (if shown)
  • Unit of measurement, if essential

✗ Excluir

  • Copied prompt text
  • Trends or comparisons
  • Specific figures or percentages
  • Personal opinions or comments

Paraphrasing techniques

01
Change the main verb

The verb "shows" is simple. Replace it with a more academic synonym. Avoid using "shows" when it already appears in the prompt.

02
Change key nouns

Transform nouns with academic synonyms: percentage → proportion, number → figure, people → population/individuals.

03
Change the sentence structure

Turn gerunds into relative clauses: "people using the internet" → "people who had internet access". You can also use nominalisation: "countries that produce" → "producing countries".

Verbs

showsillustrates·presents·compares·depicts·provides data on·displays
show (plural)illustrate·present·compare·depict·outline

Nouns

percentageproportion·share·rate
number (of)figure·quantity·volume·total
amountlevel·quantity·volume·sum
peopleindividuals·the population·residents
countriesnations·states
types / kindscategories·forms·varieties

Time expressions

between X and Yfrom X to Y·over the period X–Y·during the X to Y period
in X yearsover a X-year period·across X years

Examples with authentic-style visuals

Each visual type has five different references. Study the prompt, identify the information that must be preserved and compare two valid ways to paraphrase it.

You selected Line graphs. Choose a reference to study its visual and paraphrase with enough space to read both clearly.

Example 01 · Internet access in three regions, 2000–2020.Reference 1 of 5

IELTS reference visual

Internet access in three regions, 2000-2020. Region A moves from 30% to 88%; Region B moves from 12% to 79%; Region C moves from 6% to 57%.Internet access in three regions, 2000-20200%25%50%75%100%20002005201020152020Region ARegion BRegion C

Prompt topic

Internet access in three regions, 2000–2020.

Model A · precise paraphrase

The line graph illustrates the proportion of the population with internet access in three regions over a twenty-year period.

Model B · valid alternative

The chart presents changes in internet access across three regions from 2000 to 2020.

shows → illustrates · percentage → proportion

Progressive engine

Practise the introduction by level

Each level trains a different decision: first choose words, then check that the sentence covers the complete prompt, and finally detect errors that reduce precision.

Level 1 · Build the paraphrase

Exercise 1 of 4

25%

Practice visual · Bar chart

Household expenditure by category, 2024 (%). The values are Housing: 32%, Food: 18%, Transport: 16%, Leisure: 21%, Health: 13%.Household expenditure by category, 2024 (%)0%10%20%30%32%Housing18%Food16%Transport21%Leisure13%Health

Enunciado

The bar chart below shows the amount of money spent on different types of advertising in the UK in 2020.

Complete the introduction with the synonym and structure that fit best:

The bar chart of advertising in the United Kingdom in 2020.

Next sub-skill

🔭 Overview — the most important Task 1 paragraph

Go to Overview →
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